Discover how machine learning AI systems can assist doctors in making complex treatment decisions by providing probabilistic guidance and considering multiple factors. Prepare for the IBM Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals certification exam.
Table of Contents
Question
You are working on an AI system to help doctors treat patients. While describing your system to a group of doctors, you are asked the following question, “How does machine learning enable decision-making in complex scenarios, such as medical treatment choices?”
Which of the following is the best response?
A. By relying solely on AI systems to make treatment decisions without human input
B. By ignoring potential outcomes and personal experience in decision making
C. By providing probabilistic statements with confidence levels for different treatment options
D. By offering deterministic solutions based on fixed criteria
Answer
C. By providing probabilistic statements with confidence levels for different treatment options
Explanation
A machine learning system does not eliminate a doctor’s role in a treatment decision by suggesting “Do this” or “Do that”. Instead, machine learning systems provide probabilities of success for different treatment options allowing doctors and patients to make more informed decisions.
Machine learning enables AI systems to assist with complex decision-making, such as choosing the optimal treatment for a patient, by analyzing large amounts of data to identify patterns and correlations. The AI can then provide probabilistic recommendations, assigning confidence levels to different treatment options based on their predicted outcomes and risks.
For example, the AI might conclude there is an 85% probability that Treatment A will be most effective for a certain patient profile, a 70% probability for Treatment B, and only a 40% probability for Treatment C. This allows doctors to make more data-driven, evidence-based decisions while still applying their medical judgment and considering other patient-specific factors.
In contrast, the AI should not be relied upon to make treatment decisions autonomously without physician oversight (A), as human expertise is critical. The system also cannot simply ignore potential outcomes or the doctor’s experience (B), as these are essential decision inputs. Finally, complex medical decisions are not deterministic problems with fixed criteria and a single clear answer (D).
In summary, the key value of machine learning for complex scenarios is providing probabilistic analysis and recommendations that enhance, rather than replace, human decision-making. The AI serves as a tool to augment the doctor’s knowledge and expertise.
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