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Examples of Discovery Science: Human Genome Project vs Mammoth Fossil Hunts Explained
Explore discovery science in biology: Learn why human genome sequencing, Tanzanian chimpanzee behavior descriptions, and mammoth specimen hunts all exemplify non-hypothesis-driven observation, contrasting with experimental approaches for comprehensive biological insights.
Question
While some scientific breakthroughs are predicated upon experimental methodologies, others are not. Which of the following options can be most accurately characterized as discovery science?
A. All the above
B. Sequencing the human genome
C. Describing the behaviors of Tanzanian chimpanzees
D. A project to find preserved specimens of extinct Mammoths frozen in glaciers
Answer
A. All the above
Explanation
Discovery science involves systematic observation and data collection to describe natural phenomena without testing specific hypotheses, focusing on building comprehensive datasets for future analysis. Sequencing the human genome exemplifies this through exhaustive mapping of DNA base pairs, generating vast descriptive data on genetic structure that underpins later hypothesis-driven research.
Describing the behaviors of Tanzanian chimpanzees, as in Jane Goodall’s long-term Gombe studies, relies on meticulous observation of social interactions, tool use, and ecology to catalog natural behaviors without preconceived experimental predictions. A project to find preserved specimens of extinct mammoths frozen in glaciers represents discovery science by actively searching for and documenting rare fossil evidence, such as intact remains in permafrost, to reveal details about ancient anatomy and environments through opportunistic collection.