Solved: How to Check and Test PC RAM Memory Health to Prevent Windows BSOD Crash

Ever had your computer crash, freeze, or just act plain wonky? It’s frustrating, right? Well, one sneaky culprit behind these headaches could be your computer’s memory, also known as RAM.

Imagine your RAM as a super organized library of data your computer needs to run smoothly. But what if some of the books on its shelves are damaged or missing pages? That’s where the trouble starts. When your RAM has problems, it can lead to all sorts of issues like crashes, freezes, and even the dreaded “blue screen of death.”

The good news is that you can play detective and find out if your RAM is the troublemaker. Windows 11, 10, and 7 have a hidden tool called Windows Memory Diagnostic that can help. It’s like having a doctor give your computer a checkup.

But here’s the catch: this tool won’t tell you the exact health of your memory stick, like a thermometer for your PC. Instead, it checks for memory address problems, which are like missing pages in those library books.

There are different ways to run these checks, from using built-in Windows tools to diving into your computer’s BIOS settings. But, if you want a simple and reliable option, we recommend a free tool called MemTest86+. Think of it as a specialized memory doctor for your computer.

To make things crystal clear, we’ve put these methods to the test using real memory modules like the 8GB Corsair Vengeance DDR4 3000 and the 16GB TridentZ Royal DDR4 3600. We’re here to guide you through the steps to check your system’s RAM health, so you can enjoy a smoother, crash-free computing experience!

How to Tell If Your Computer’s RAM Is Misbehaving

Your computer’s RAM, that handy memory that helps it run smoothly, can sometimes act up. But how do you know if it’s the RAM causing the trouble? Well, here are some clear signs that your RAM might be up to no good:

• Mysterious Beeps at Startup: Imagine your computer making a series of beeping sounds when you turn it on. That’s like your PC trying to send you a secret Morse code message, and it’s saying, “Hey, something’s not right with the RAM!”
• Sluggish Performance Over Time: You might notice your computer getting slower the longer it stays on, like a car that starts losing speed during a long road trip. This can be a sign that your RAM isn’t holding up well.
• Frequent Crashes: If your computer keeps crashing unexpectedly, it’s a bit like your trusty old bicycle suddenly losing its wheels. RAM problems can cause these frustrating crashes.
• File Access Issues: Trouble opening or saving files? It’s like your computer fumbling with keys to open a door; RAM problems can make it struggle with accessing your data.
• Missing RAM in System Information: Ever noticed that your computer shows less RAM in its System Information than what you actually have? It’s like having money in your wallet but not being able to count it. RAM issues can cause this discrepancy.

So, if you spot any of these signs, it’s worth investigating your RAM. It might just be the source of your computer troubles, and resolving it could get your PC back on track!

Understanding RAM and How to Detect Problems

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is like your computer’s short-term memory. It’s essential for your computer to work correctly. RAM stores information temporarily while your computer is working on tasks.

Usually, RAM lasts longer than other parts of your computer, but it can fail. This doesn’t happen often, but it’s good to know what to do if it happens to you.

RAM problems don’t usually happen suddenly. There are early signs of trouble. Symptoms of bad RAM include your computer showing a blue screen of death, crashes, freezes, or even missing memory.

If you suspect RAM issues, the first step is to make sure your RAM is running at its default settings. Overclocking your RAM can cause problems that look like bad RAM, so it’s best to return it to its default settings.

If you have more than one RAM stick, you can diagnose each one individually to find the faulty one. If you only have one, it might be harder to pinpoint the issue.

To test your RAM, you can use different software programs. It’s a good idea to use at least two to be sure. Some software can even tell you which specific RAM stick is faulty.

Remember, you don’t need to pay for these programs; the free versions work just fine for diagnosing RAM issues. Also, this process applies to different types of RAM, like DDR4 or DDR5.

In a nutshell, RAM is crucial for your computer, but it can sometimes go bad. You can detect RAM issues by looking for specific signs and using free software to diagnose the problem.

Testing Your RAM Using Windows Memory Diagnostic

Alright, let’s talk about testing your RAM using a tool that’s already baked into your Windows computer. It’s called the Windows Memory Diagnostic, and it’s your PC’s way of checking its memory health.

But first, a crucial tip: before you start this test, make sure you save your work because it involves restarting your computer.

Here’s how you can run the Windows Memory Diagnostic:

Step 1: Open the Run Dialog

Press both the Windows key and the ‘R’ key on your keyboard at the same time. It’s like opening a secret doorway to your computer’s tools.

Step 2: Type “mdsched”

In the Run window that pops up, type “mdsched” and hit Enter. This will launch the Windows Memory Diagnostic tool.

Step 3: Restart and Check for Problems

A new window will appear, and it will give you the option to “Restart now and check for problems (recommended).” Go ahead and click that.

Step 4: Let the Tests Run

Your PC will restart, and the memory tests will begin.

During the test, you can choose the type of test you want to perform by pressing ‘F1.’ This is where you can get a bit technical, so let me break it down for you:

• Basic: This includes quick tests that don’t disable the memory cache. It’s like a quick check for any obvious issues. Includes MATS+, INVC, and SCHCKR (cache enabled) tests
• Standard: These tests cover more ground and include additional checks, but they also keep the memory cache enabled. Includes all Basic tests along with LRAND, Stride6 (cache enabled), CHCKR3, WMATS+, and WINVC.
• Extensive: If you want to be thorough, this option disables the memory cache and runs even more tests. Just keep in mind, it will take longer. Includes all Standard test along with MATS+ (cache disabled), Stride38, WStride-6, CHCKR4, WCHCKR3, ERAND, Stride6 (cache disabled) and CHCKR8.

Step 5: Check the Test Result

Once the test is complete, you’ll want to check if there were any issues. To do this, press the Windows key and ‘R’ again to open the Run dialog.

Step 6: Open Event Viewer

Type “eventvwr” and press Enter. This will take you to the Event Viewer.

Step 7: Find the Memory Diagnostic Result

On the left panel, double-click on “Windows Logs” and select “System.” Now, on the right panel, click on “Find.”

Step 8: Look for the Test Results

Type “MemoryDiagnostics-Results” and click on “Find Next.” You’ll see an event highlighted. Double-click it to see if there were any errors during the memory test.

And there you have it! You’ve used the Windows Memory Diagnostic tool to check if your RAM is causing any trouble. It’s like giving your computer a quick health check to ensure it’s running smoothly. If you find any issues, it’s best to get them fixed sooner rather than later.

Testing Your RAM Using the BIOS

So, you want to check your computer’s RAM, and you’ve heard about this mysterious thing called the BIOS. Don’t worry; we’ll break it down for you in simple terms.

Some computers, especially laptops or those from manufacturers like Dell or HP, have a special feature in the BIOS that lets you test your RAM without any fancy software. Here’s how you can do it:

Step 1: Enter the BIOS

To get into the BIOS, you need to restart your computer and press certain keys when it’s starting up. Usually, it’s the “Delete” key or one of the “function” keys (like F2 or F12). It’s like entering a secret room in your computer.

Step 2: Look for Diagnostic or PC Hardware Diagnostic

Inside the BIOS, you’ll need to navigate around. Look for a category called “Diagnostic” or “PC Hardware Diagnostic.” It’s like finding the right menu in a restaurant.

Step 3: Check if the Feature is Available

Now, not all computers have this feature, so if you can’t find it, don’t worry. It’s like searching for a hidden treasure; sometimes, you don’t strike gold.

Step 4: Run the Memory Test

If you do find the option, go ahead and run the memory test. It’s like pressing the “start” button on a washing machine.

Step 5: Choose the Right Test

Depending on your computer’s manufacturer, you might have the choice between a “fast,” “quick,” or “extensive” test. If you want to be thorough, pick the extensive one. It’s like choosing to clean your entire room instead of just the floor.

Step 6: Decide How Many Times to Test

Your BIOS might give you the option to run the test once or keep looping it until it finds a problem. Choose what suits your needs. It’s like deciding whether to wash one dish or the whole stack.

Step 7: Wait for the Test to Finish

Now, all you have to do is wait for the test to finish. It’s like watching your favorite show; just be patient.

Step 8: Check the Result

After the test is done, your computer will display a result on the screen. If everything’s fine, it will say “PASSED.” If there’s an issue, it will say “FAILED.” It’s like a thumbs-up or thumbs-down from your computer.

And that’s it! You’ve used the BIOS to check your RAM. It’s a bit like having your computer check its own health, and it’s a handy tool to have in your troubleshooting toolkit.

Checking Your RAM with MemTest86+

So, your computer is acting up, and you suspect it’s because of RAM issues. You’ve already tried some basic tests, but now it’s time to dig deeper using a tool called MemTest86+.

MemTest86+ is like a detective for your computer’s memory. It can uncover problems that simpler tests might miss. Here’s how to use it:

Step 1: Prepare a USB Drive

First, you’ll need a USB drive. It’s like a detective’s toolkit. Make sure it doesn’t have any important files because we’ll be formatting it.

Step 2: Download and Install MemTest86+

Go online and download MemTest86+. Once it’s downloaded, run the file. It’s like installing a new app on your phone.

Step 3: Agree to the Terms

You’ll see a screen with some terms and conditions. Click “I Agree.” It’s like signing a contract with the detective.

Step 4: Choose Your USB Drive

In the next screen, pick your USB drive from a dropdown menu. If you want to format the drive (erase everything on it), check the box for that. It’s like picking a tool from the detective’s kit.

Step 5: Create the USB Boot Drive

Hit “Create,” and MemTest86+ will do its thing. This tool will turn your USB drive into a memory-testing machine. It’s like giving the detective the right equipment for the job.

Step 6: Disable Secure Boot

Before using MemTest86+, you need to disable Secure Boot in your computer’s settings. This step is important, like making sure your detective has the right badge.

Step 7: Change Boot Order

You also need to change the boot order so that your computer reads the USB drive first when starting up. Think of it like telling the detective where to start looking for clues.

Step 8: Run MemTest86+

Now, turn on your computer, and MemTest86+ will start running. It’s like sending the detective on a mission to inspect your RAM. This test might take a while, especially if you have a lot of RAM or multiple memory sticks.

Step 9: Check the Results

When the test is done, you’ll see either a green “PASS” message (like a thumbs-up from the detective) or red “failing memory addresses” (like finding a lot of clues that something’s wrong). If you only see a few failed addresses, your RAM might still be usable. But if there are a lot of failures and your computer keeps acting up, it’s probably time to replace the RAM. It’s like the detective telling you that there’s a big problem.

Remember, this is like a thorough investigation for your computer’s memory, so be patient. And if MemTest86+ gives you the bad news that your RAM is faulty, it’s better to replace it sooner rather than later. It’s like fixing a problem before it gets worse.

Testing RAM with HCI Memtest

So, you suspect your RAM might be misbehaving, and you want to give it a thorough check using HCI Memtest. This tool can be a bit tricky to use, but don’t worry; we’ll walk you through it step by step.

Step 1: Download and Extract HCI Memtest

First, download HCI Memtest and unzip the contents from the ZIP file. You’ll find an executable file in there (memtest.exe), which is what you’ll need to run. It’s like unboxing a new gadget.

Step 2: Run memtest.exe

Simply double-click on memtest.exe to launch the program. It’s the only file in the folder, so you can’t miss it. Think of it as turning on your computer.

Step 3: Check Your Free RAM

Open Windows Task Manager (you can do this by pressing Ctrl+Shift+Esc) and take note of how much free RAM is available. This is like checking your wallet to see how much money you have.

Step 4: Calculate RAM Allocation

Divide the amount of free RAM by the total number of threads your processor has. It’s like dividing a pizza evenly among friends.

Step 5: Open Memtest Instances

Now, open as many Memtest instances as you have processor threads. In each instance, input the result from the previous step. It’s like setting up multiple workstations for a big project. For example, let’s say you’re testing a 16GB DDR5 DIMM on a system with a Core i9-13900K processor (which has 32 threads). You’ve got around 13.79GB of free RAM, so each instance should be allocated around 431MB.

Remember, depending on your processor and the amount of memory you have, running a complete test pass might take about an hour or so. However, one or two passes should be enough to identify any faulty RAM sticks.

Think of this process like giving your RAM a thorough health check to make sure it’s working perfectly.

Testing RAM with TestMem 5

Let’s dive into testing your RAM with TestMem 5, a tool that’s been around since the days of DOS but has evolved to be very user-friendly. It’s entirely free and offers a range of customization options for advanced users.

Step 1: Download and Extract TestMem 5

Start by downloading TestMem 5 and unzipping the contents from the ZIP file. Think of this like unpacking a present.

Step 2: Run TestMem 5 with Administrator Privileges

Right-click on the “TM5” executable file and choose to run it with administrator privileges. This gives the tool the necessary access to test your RAM effectively. It’s like giving someone the keys to the car.

Step 3: Load Your Preset Configuration

Click on the “Load config & exit” button to load your preset configuration. You can find different user presets to download from the MemTestHelper GitHub page. This step is like choosing your favorite settings for a video game.

Step 4: Rerun TestMem 5 with Administrator Privileges

After loading your preset, TestMem 5 will close. Run it again with administrator privileges, and your new configuration will be applied. Think of it as saving your game settings and then launching the game with those settings.

Now, TestMem 5 will start testing your RAM. It typically takes about 25 to 30 minutes for one cycle on a 16GB RAM system. Most experts recommend running three cycles, which adds up to around one and a half to two hours of testing.

This process is like putting your RAM through a series of exercises to make sure it’s in top shape. If any issues are found, you’ll know it’s time to address them.

Testing RAM with PassMark MemTest86

PassMark’s MemTest86 is a powerful tool to check your computer’s memory (RAM) for issues, and it works on both Windows and Linux machines. You don’t even need an operating system to run it. It might seem a bit complex, but don’t worry; it’s easy to use.

Step 1: Download MemTest86

Think of this step as getting the right tool for the job. Go online and download MemTest86 onto your computer.

Step 2: Extract the Contents

After downloading, open the file and extract its contents into a folder on your computer’s desktop. It’s like unpacking a box to get to the tools inside.

Step 3: Prepare a USB Stick

Find a USB stick (a bit like a digital storage device) and plug it into your computer. Make sure there’s nothing important on it because MemTest86 will erase everything. This step is like getting a blank canvas ready for a painting.

Step 4: Run “imageUSB”

Inside the folder where you extracted MemTest86, you’ll see an executable file called “imageUSB.” Double-click on it to run it. It’s like starting a program that will help you put MemTest86 onto your USB stick.

Step 5: Choose the USB Drive

In “imageUSB,” select your USB drive from the list at the top. This is like telling the computer where to put MemTest86. It’s similar to choosing a specific location to build something.

Step 6: Write MemTest86

Click the “Write” button. This is like starting the construction process, and it will put MemTest86 onto your USB stick.

Step 7: Restart Your Computer

Restart your computer. You can usually do this by pressing a key like F2, Del, F8, or F10 when your computer starts up. The key you need to press will be displayed on your screen. It’s like turning your computer off and on again to make sure MemTest86 can do its job.

Step 8: Boot from the USB Stick

When your computer starts up, choose to boot from the USB stick. This is like telling your computer to use MemTest86 instead of its usual operating system.

Step 9: Start the Test

Use your keyboard or mouse to select the “Config” button, and then choose “(S)tart Test.” This will begin the memory test.

Now, let MemTest86 do its work. It will check your RAM for issues, which can take anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours, depending on how much RAM you have. If it finds any errors, you’ll know that there’s something wrong with your RAM. In that case, there’s no need to continue the test.

Testing RAM with Google Stressful Application Test (GSAT)

For Linux users or those comfortable with Linux-based tools, the Google Stressful Application Test (GSAT) is a handy tool to check your RAM for errors. However, you can also run GSAT in Windows using Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), though it’s not as effective as running it natively in Linux. Here’s how to use GSAT:

Step 1: Open a Terminal

Think of a terminal as a command center for your computer. It’s where you can type in special commands to make things happen.

Step 2: Download and Install GSAT

In the terminal, type the following command and hit Enter: sudo apt-get install stressapptest
This command tells your computer to download and install GSAT. It’s like ordering a new tool for your toolbox.

Step 3: Run GSAT

Now, it’s time to put GSAT to work. In the terminal, type this command and press Enter: stressapptest -W -s 3600

The -W part makes GSAT use a more intensive memory copy process for testing, while -s 3600 tells it to run for 3600 seconds, which is equivalent to one hour. This step is like telling GSAT to start its job.

After you’ve done this, GSAT will test your RAM for errors. Unlike some other tests that rely on passes or cycles, GSAT runs for a set amount of time, which is usually one to two hours. This time frame is usually enough to figure out if there’s something wrong with your RAM.

Imagine GSAT as a meticulous inspector checking every nook and cranny of your RAM to make sure it’s working perfectly. If it finds any issues, you’ll know it’s time to take action.

Troubleshooting Memory Issues: What to Do Next

So, you’ve run all the memory tests, and it looks like your computer’s memory isn’t in great shape. Don’t worry; there are a few more things to consider before you rush out to buy new RAM.

Different RAM Sticks? Check Compatibility

Sometimes, memory errors can occur if you’re using different RAM sticks with varying frequencies and latencies. It’s like trying to mix and match puzzle pieces that don’t quite fit. In this case, you might want to make sure your RAM sticks are compatible.

Single RAM Stick? It’s Likely Faulty

If your computer only has one RAM stick and it’s failing the tests, chances are that stick is the problem. It’s like having a single bad apple in the bunch. You can try cleaning the RAM slots and sticks, but it’s often best to replace the faulty stick.

Multiple RAM Sticks? Find the Culprit

If your computer has multiple RAM sticks, it’s a bit more detective work. You need to figure out which stick is causing the trouble. It’s like finding the one jigsaw puzzle piece that’s causing the picture to be incomplete.

Troubleshooting RAM Errors: The Final Steps

So, you’ve done some testing, and it seems your RAM isn’t behaving itself. Before you go buying new RAM sticks, let’s do some last-minute detective work.

Step 1: Physically Check Your RAM

Start by making sure your RAM sticks are properly seated in your PC. Think of it like ensuring all the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle are in the right place.

Step 2: Test One Stick at a Time

Now, let’s get investigative. Try removing one RAM stick at a time and run the MemTest each time. It’s like questioning each suspect separately. See if the errors disappear.

Step 3: Identify the Culprit

If you notice that errors only appear when a specific stick is in, it’s likely that stick causing trouble. It’s like finding the one troublemaker in the group.

Step 4: Check the RAM Slots

If errors persist no matter which stick you use, the problem could be with the RAM slots on your motherboard. It’s like realizing there might be something wrong with the game board itself.

So, before you jump to the conclusion that you need new RAM, make sure your existing RAM is seated correctly. If errors still persist, try removing one stick at a time to identify the problematic one. If it’s the RAM slot causing trouble, you might need to consider a motherboard replacement.

In the end, it’s all about making sure your computer’s memory is working smoothly, just like solving a puzzle to complete the picture.

So, before you rush to buy new RAM, make sure you’ve checked for compatibility issues and thoroughly investigated which RAM stick is causing the problem. It’s like making sure you’ve gathered all the evidence before making a decision. Once you’ve pinpointed the issue, replacing the problematic RAM stick is your best course of action. It’s like getting rid of that one bad puzzle piece to complete the picture.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)