Linux is a free and open-source operating system. It’s been around since 1991, but it continues to be an important alternative choice away from Windows and Mac.
List of Linux, Tmux, Vim Commands and Chrome OS Shortcuts
We’ve put together this collection of cheat sheets that you can follow to help you navigate the operating system and its programs effectively and get the most out of them. This bundle contains:
Linux commands
Chrome OS shortcuts
Vim commands
Tmux commands
Read this article to help you get even more from Linux! You will be required to complete a short form, but it’s well worth it!
Display recently used commands. You can also view these commands via the Up and Down keys.
history
Repeat a recently used command. You can use !n repeat the n-th command in history or !-n to repeat what happened n commands ago.
!
Display the manual for a terminal program.
man
Display a brief description of a terminal program. A simpler alternative to the man command.
whatis
Create a shortcut to a command or, when combined with the cd command, directory.
alias
Exit or close the terminal.
exit
Linux Commands for Terminal
Change directory. Used to navigate between folders.
cd
Display current directory.
pwd
Change current directory.
cd
Display a list of files in the current directory.
ls
Makes a copy of a file. Defaults to the current directory unless you specify a specific one.
cp
Move a file from one directory to another.
mv
Remove a file or set of files.
rm
Display when a file was last accessed, modified, or changed.
stat
Change the date accessed or date modified time of a given file to right now.
touch
Delete a file or files.
rmdir
Create a directory. Defaults to the current directory, but you can also specify one.
mkdir
Delete a directory. Defaults to the current directory, but you can also specify one. The target directory must be completely empty.
rmdir
Change the name of a file or set of files.
rename
Search a specific directory (or your entire PC) to find files that match designated criteria.
find
Search for files or directories. Faster than the find command, but has fewer options.
locate
Search a specific file or set of files to see if a string of text exists and where.
grep
Attach a separate filesystem (such as an external hard drive or USB stick) to your system’s main filesystem.
mount
Detach a separate filesystem from your system’s main filesystem.
umount
Display the contents of a text file. Also works with multiple files.
cat
Modify the read, write, and execute permissions of a file.
chmod
Change the user or group that owns a file.
chown
Linux Commands for Navigation and File Management
Switch user. Unless you designate a specific user, this command will attempt to sign in as the root user (which you can think of as the system administrator)
su
Displays the current user name.
whoami
Display current user and group.
id
Create or update a user’s password.
passwd
Linux Commands for Users
Displays core system information such as kernel version, hardware, and operating system.
uname
Enter before a command to perform the command as a system administrator. Users must have administrator privileges for this to work.
sudo
Programs for installing software and updates. Which one to use depends on your Linux-based operating system. Each requires administrator rights and additional instructions, such as sudo apt install program-name.
apt/dnf/pacman
Display the status of all current jobs. A job is a representation of a running process or group of processes.
jobs
Send a job to the background.
bg
Send a job to the foreground.
fg
End a process according to its process ID (which you can get using the ps command).
kill
End all processes whose names match your query.
killall
Display a list of running processes. Defaults to processes started by the current user.
ps
Displays a list of running processes, sorted by how much CPU each uses. Unlike ps, the command updates in real-time.
top
Displays time since last boot.
uptime
Finds the executable file for a program.
whereis
Displays how much disk space is used and free on your system.
df
Displays how much RAM is used and free on your system.
free
Linux Commands for System Administration
Displays your IP address, network interfaces, bandwidth usage, and more.
ip
Send or receive data from another computer on a network. Often used to test whether a network connection is established and the speed of that connection.
ping
Lookup a domain’s DNS address.
dig
Download a file
wget
Secure Shell. Connect and login to s remote network location.
ssh
Linux Commands for Network Management
Display a line of text. Often used in programs and scripts to relay information to users.
echo
Displays possible factors of a decimal number.
factor
Solve math equations.
expr
Lookup a word in the dictionary.
look
Miscellaneous Linux Commands
Chrome OS shortcuts
Open Print dialog
Ctrl + P
Save the current webpage
Ctrl + S
Refresh the page
Ctrl + R
Refresh the page without loading cache
Ctrl + Shift + R
Open a file
Ctrl + O
View history
Ctrl + H
Open Downloads
Ctrl + J
Bookmark current page
Ctrl + D
Bookmark all open tabs
Ctrl + Shift + D
Toggle bookmarks bar
Ctrl + Shift + B
Open Chrome’s menu
Alt + E
Open Task Manager
Search + Esc
View page source
Ctrl + U
Open the Developer Tools panel
Ctrl + Shift + I
Chrome OS Keyboard Shortcuts for basic Chrome functions
