Explore the membership details of Group1 and Group2 at Contoso in this Azure security case study. Understand the dynamic user rules and who qualifies for these groups in the cloud-based organization.
Table of Contents
Question
Case Study
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Overview
Contoso, Ltd. is a consulting company that has a main office in Montreal and two branch offices in Seattle and New York.
The company hosts its entire server infrastructure in Azure.
Contoso has two Azure subscriptions named Sub1 and Sub2. Both subscriptions are associated to an Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) tenant named contoso.com.
Existing Environment
Azure AD
Contoso.com contains the users shown in the following table.
| Name | City | Role |
|---|---|---|
| User1 | Montreal | Global administrator |
| User2 | MONTREAL | Security administrator |
| User3 | London | Privileged role administrator |
| User4 | Ontario | Application administrator |
| User5 | Seattle | Cloud application administrator |
| User6 | Seattle | User administrator |
| User7 | Sydney | Reports reader |
| User8 | Sydney | None |
| User9 | Sydney | Owner |
Contoso.com contains the security groups shown in the following table.
| Name | Membership type | Dynamic membership rule |
|---|---|---|
| Group1 | Dynamic user | user.city -contain “ON” |
| Group2 | Dynamic user | user.city -match “*on” |
Sub1
Sub1 contains six resource groups named RG1, RG2, RG3, RG4, RG5, and RG6.
User9 creates the virtual networks shown in the following table.
| Name | Resource group |
|---|---|
| VNET1 | RG1 |
| VNET2 | RG2 |
| VNET3 | RG3 |
| VNET4 | RG4 |
Sub1 contains the locks shown in the following table.
| Name | Set on | Lock type |
|---|---|---|
| Lock1 | RG1 | Delete |
| Lock2 | RG2 | Read-only |
| Lock3 | RG3 | Delete |
| Lock4 | RG4 | Read-only |
Sub1 contains the Azure policies shown in the following table.
| Policy definition | Resource type | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Allowed resource types | networkSecurityGroups | RG4 |
| Not allowed resource types | virtualNetworks/subnets | RG5 |
| Not allowed resource types | networkSecurityGroups | RG5 |
| Not allowed resource types | virtualNetworks/virtualNetworkPeerings | RG6 |
Sub2
Sub2 contains the virtual networks shown in the following table.
| Name | Subnet |
|---|---|
| VNetwork1 | Subnet11, Subnet12, and Subnet13 |
| VNetwork2 | Subnet21 |
Sub2 contains the virtual machines shown in the following table.
| Name | Network interface | Application security group | Connected to |
|---|---|---|---|
| VM1 | NIC1 | ASG1 | Subnet11 |
| VM2 | NIC2 | ASG2 | Subnet11 |
| VM3 | NIC3 | None | Subnet12 |
| VM4 | NIC4 | ASG1 | Subnet13 |
| VM5 | NIC5 | None | Subnet21 |
All virtual machines have public IP addresses and the Web Server (IIS) role installed. The firewalls for each virtual machine allow ping requests and web requests.
Sub2 contains the network security groups (NSGs) shown in the following table.
| Name | Associated to |
|---|---|
| NSG1 | NIC2 |
| NSG2 | Subnet11 |
| NSG3 | Subnet13 |
| NSG4 | Subnet21 |
NSG1 has the inbound security rules shown in the following table.
| Priority | Port | Protocol | Source | Destination | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65000 | Any | Any | VirtualNetwork | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65001 | Any | Any | AzureLoadBalancer | Any | Allow |
| 65500 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
NSG2 has the inbound security rules shown in the following table.
| Priority | Port | Protocol | Source | Destination | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | 80 | TCP | Internet | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65000 | Any | Any | VirtualNetwork | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65001 | Any | Any | AzureLoadBalancer | Any | Allow |
| 65500 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
NSG3 has the inbound security rules shown in the following table.
| Priority | Port | Protocol | Source | Destination | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | Any | TCP | ASG1 | ASG1 | Allow |
| 150 | Any | Any | ASG2 | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 200 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
| 65000 | Any | Any | VirtualNetwork | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65001 | Any | Any | AzureLoadBalancer | Any | Allow |
| 65500 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
NSG4 has the inbound security rules shown in the following table.
| Priority | Port | Protocol | Source | Destination | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Allow |
| 65000 | Any | Any | VirtualNetwork | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65001 | Any | Any | AzureLoadBalancer | Any | Allow |
| 65500 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
NSG1, NSG2, NSG3, and NSG4 have the outbound security rules shown in the following table.
| Priority | Port | Protocol | Source | Destination | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65000 | Any | Any | VirtualNetwork | VirtualNetwork | Allow |
| 65001 | Any | Any | Any | Internet | Allow |
| 65500 | Any | Any | Any | Any | Deny |
Technical Requirements
Contoso identifies the following technical requirements:
- Deploy Azure Firewall to VNetwork1 in Sub2.
- Register an application named App2 in contoso.com.
- Whenever possible, use the principle of least privilege.
- Enable Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) for contoso.com.
HOTSPOT –
What is the membership of Group1 and Group2? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Hot Area:
Group1:
- No members
- Only User2
- Only User2 and User4
- User1, User2, User3, and User4
Group2:
- No members
- Only User3
- Only User1 and User3
- User1, User2, User3, and User4
Answer
Group1: User1, User2, User3, and User4
Group2: Only User3
Explanation
Box 1: User1, User2, User3, User4
Contains “ON” is true for Montreal (User1), MONTREAL (User2), London (User 3), and Ontario (User4) as string and regex operations are not case sensitive.
Box 2: Only User3 –
Match “*on” is only true for London (User3) as “London” is the only word that ends with “on”.
Scenario:
Contoso.com contains the users shown in the following table.
| Name | City | Role |
|---|---|---|
| User1 | Montreal | Global administrator |
| User2 | MONTREAL | Security administrator |
| User3 | London | Privileged role administrator |
| User4 | Ontario | Application administrator |
| User5 | Seattle | Cloud application administrator |
| User6 | Seattle | User administrator |
| User7 | Sydney | Reports reader |
| User8 | Sydney | None |
Contoso.com contains the security groups shown in the following table.
| Name | Membership type | Dynamic membership rule |
|---|---|---|
| Group1 | Dynamic user | user.city -contain “ON” |
| Group2 | Dynamic user | user.city -match “*on” |
Reference
- Azure > Active Directory > Dynamic membership rules for groups in Azure Active Directory
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