The latest AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate SAA-C03 certification actual real practice exam question and answer (Q&A) dumps are available free, which are helpful for you to pass the AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate SAA-C03 exam and earn AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate SAA-C03 certification.
Question 1351
Exam Question
A solutions architect must design a solution that uses Amazon CloudFront with an Amazon S3 origin to store a static website. The company’s security policy requires that all website traffic be inspected by AWS WAF.
How should the solutions architect comply with these requirements?
A. Configure an S3 bucket policy to accept requests coming from the AWS WAF Amazon Resource Name (ARN) only.
B. Configure Amazon CloudFront to forward all incoming requests to AWS WAF before requesting content from the S3 origin.
C. Configure a security group that allows Amazon CloudFront IP addresses to access Amazon S3 only. Associate AWS WAF to CloudFront.
D. Configure Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 to use an origin access identity (OAI) to restrict access to the S3 bucket. Enable AWS WAF on the distribution.
Correct Answer
B. Configure Amazon CloudFront to forward all incoming requests to AWS WAF before requesting content from the S3 origin.
Explanation
To comply with the security policy and ensure that all website traffic is inspected by AWS WAF, the recommended solution is:
B. Configure Amazon CloudFront to forward all incoming requests to AWS WAF before requesting content from the S3 origin.
In this solution, Amazon CloudFront acts as the content delivery network, while AWS WAF provides the web application firewall protection. By configuring CloudFront to forward all incoming requests to AWS WAF before requesting content from the S3 origin, all website traffic will be inspected by AWS WAF.
Option A, configuring an S3 bucket policy to accept requests coming from the AWS WAF Amazon Resource Name (ARN) only, does not provide the desired outcome of inspecting all website traffic by AWS WAF before accessing the content.
Option C, configuring a security group that allows Amazon CloudFront IP addresses to access Amazon S3 only and associating AWS WAF to CloudFront, does not ensure that all website traffic is inspected by AWS WAF. It only restricts access to Amazon S3 from CloudFront IP addresses.
Option D, configuring Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 to use an origin access identity (OAI) to restrict access to the S3 bucket and enabling AWS WAF on the distribution, does not ensure that all website traffic is inspected by AWS WAF. The OAI is used to restrict access to the S3 bucket, but it does not provide the inspection capability of AWS WAF.
Therefore, option B is the correct choice to comply with the security policy and meet the requirements of inspecting all website traffic with AWS WAF when using Amazon CloudFront with an Amazon S3 origin.
Question 1352
Exam Question
A company has data stored in an on-premises data center that is used by several on-premises applications. The company wants to maintain its existing application environment and be able to use AWS services for data analytics and future visualizations.
Which storage service should a solutions architect recommend?
A. Amazon Redshift
B. AWS Storage Gateway for files
C. Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)
D. Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)
Correct Answer
B. AWS Storage Gateway for files
Explanation
In this scenario, where the company wants to maintain its existing on-premises applications while leveraging AWS services for data analytics and future visualizations, the recommended storage service is:
B. AWS Storage Gateway for files
AWS Storage Gateway provides a hybrid storage solution that enables seamless integration between on-premises environments and AWS cloud storage. Specifically, the File Gateway mode of AWS Storage Gateway is designed to support on-premises file-based applications and provides a file interface backed by Amazon S3, which can be used for data analytics and future visualizations in AWS.
With AWS Storage Gateway in File Gateway mode, the company can continue using its existing on-premises applications while having the ability to access and analyze the data stored in Amazon S3 using AWS analytics and visualization services such as Amazon Athena, Amazon Redshift Spectrum, or Amazon QuickSight.
Option A, Amazon Redshift, is a fully managed data warehousing service and would be suitable if the company wants to perform advanced analytics and data warehousing specifically. However, it may not be the ideal choice for maintaining the existing on-premises application environment.
Options C and D, Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS), are block-level and file-level storage services, respectively, but they do not provide the seamless integration and hybrid storage capabilities needed to maintain the existing on-premises environment while leveraging AWS services for data analytics and visualizations.
Question 1353
Exam Question
A company uses Amazon Redshift for its data warehouse. The company wants to ensure high durability for its data in case of any component failure.
What should a solutions architect recommend?
A. Enable concurrency scaling.
B. Enable cross-Region snapshots.
C. Increase the data retention period.
D. Deploy Amazon Redshift in Multi-AZ.
Correct Answer
D. Deploy Amazon Redshift in Multi-AZ.
Explanation
To ensure high durability for data in case of any component failure in Amazon Redshift, a solutions architect should recommend:
D. Deploy Amazon Redshift in Multi-AZ.
By deploying Amazon Redshift in Multi-AZ, the data warehouse cluster is replicated synchronously to a standby replica in a different Availability Zone (AZ) within the same AWS Region. This setup provides automatic failover in the event of a component failure, ensuring high availability and durability for the data.
When Amazon Redshift is deployed in Multi-AZ, any changes made to the primary cluster are automatically replicated to the standby replica. In case of a failure in the primary cluster, Amazon Redshift automatically fails over to the standby replica, minimizing downtime and ensuring data durability.
Options A, B, and C do not directly address the requirement of high durability for data in case of component failure.
- Option A, enabling concurrency scaling, focuses on improving performance by automatically adding additional clusters to handle increased query loads.
- Option B, enabling cross-Region snapshots, is more related to data backup and disaster recovery, but it does not directly address durability within a single Region.
- Option C, increasing the data retention period, primarily relates to data storage and retention policies, but it does not specifically address durability in case of component failure.
Therefore, deploying Amazon Redshift in Multi-AZ is the recommended approach to ensure high durability for data in Amazon Redshift.
Question 1354
Exam Question
A company is building a website that relies on reading and writing to an Amazon DynamoDB database. The traffic associated with the website predictably peaks during business hours on weekdays and declines overnight and during weekends. A solutions architect needs to design a cost-effective solution that can handle the load.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache the data.
B. Enable Multi-AZ replication for the DynamoDB database.
C. Enable DynamoDB auto scaling when creating the tables.
D. Enable DynamoDB On-Demand capacity allocation when creating the tables.
Correct Answer
C. Enable DynamoDB auto scaling when creating the tables.
Explanation
To meet the requirements of a cost-effective solution for a website that relies on reading and writing to an Amazon DynamoDB database with predictable traffic patterns, a solutions architect should recommend:
C. Enable DynamoDB auto scaling when creating the tables.
Enabling DynamoDB auto scaling allows the database to automatically adjust its capacity based on the traffic patterns and workload. In this scenario, when the website experiences peaks in traffic during business hours on weekdays, DynamoDB can automatically scale up the provisioned capacity to handle the increased load. During periods of lower traffic, such as overnight and weekends, DynamoDB can scale down the capacity to save costs.
Enabling auto scaling ensures that the application can handle varying traffic demands efficiently while maintaining performance. It dynamically adjusts the read and write capacity units based on the defined thresholds and utilization metrics, eliminating the need for manual capacity management.
Options A, B, and D do not directly address the requirement of cost-effectiveness and handling load based on predictable traffic patterns:
- Option A, enabling DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), is an in-memory cache that can improve read performance but does not address the cost-effectiveness or handling load based on predictable traffic patterns.
- Option B, enabling Multi-AZ replication, provides high availability and fault tolerance by replicating data across multiple Availability Zones but does not directly address cost-effectiveness or handling load based on traffic patterns.
- Option D, enabling DynamoDB On-Demand capacity allocation, allows you to pay per request for read and write capacity, but it does not offer the same cost optimization and efficiency as auto scaling based on predictable traffic patterns.
Therefore, enabling DynamoDB auto scaling is the recommended approach to achieve a cost-effective solution that can handle the load for the website relying on DynamoDB.
Question 1355
Exam Question
A company is running a three-tier web application to process credit card payments. The front-end user interface consists of static web pages. The application tier can have long-running processes. The database tier uses MySQL. The application is currently running on a single, general purpose large Amazon EC2 instance. A solutions architect needs to decouple the services to make the web application highly available.
Which solution would provide the HIGHEST availability?
A. Move static assets to Amazon CloudFront. Leave the application in EC2 in an Auto Scaling group. Move the database to Amazon RDS to deploy Multi-AZ.
B. Move static assets and the application into a medium EC2 instance. Leave the database on the large instance. Place both instances in an Auto Scaling group.
C. Move static assets to Amazon S3, Move the application to AWS Lambda with the concurrency limit set. Move the database to Amazon DynamoDB with on- demand enabled.
D. Move static assets to Amazon S3. Move the application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) containers with Auto Scaling enabled, Move the database to Amazon RDS to deploy Multi-AZ.
Correct Answer
D. Move static assets to Amazon S3. Move the application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) containers with Auto Scaling enabled, Move the database to Amazon RDS to deploy Multi-AZ.
Explanation
Question 1356
Exam Question
A company is hosting an election reporting website on AWS for users around the world. The website uses Amazon EC2 instances for the web and application tiers in an Auto Scaling group with Application Load Balancers. The database tier uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The website is updated with election results once an hour and has historically observed hundreds of users accessing the reports. The company is expecting a significant increase in demand because of upcoming elections in different countries. A solutions architect must improve the website’s ability to handle additional demand while minimizing the need for additional EC2 instances.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Launch an Amazon ElastiCache cluster to cache common database queries.
B. Launch an Amazon CloudFront web distribution to cache commonly requested website content.
C. Enable disk-based caching on the EC2 instances to cache commonly requested website content.
D. Deploy a reverse proxy into the design using an EC2 instance with caching enabled for commonly requested website content.
Correct Answer
B. Launch an Amazon CloudFront web distribution to cache commonly requested website content.
Explanation
To improve the website’s ability to handle additional demand while minimizing the need for additional EC2 instances, a solutions architect should recommend:
B. Launch an Amazon CloudFront web distribution to cache commonly requested website content.
By implementing Amazon CloudFront as a web distribution, commonly requested website content can be cached at edge locations around the world. This helps reduce the load on the EC2 instances and improves the website’s performance and scalability. When users request content, CloudFront serves it from the nearest edge location, reducing latency and network congestion.
Here’s how this solution addresses the requirements:
1. Scalability: With CloudFront, the website can handle increased demand from users around the world. CloudFront automatically scales and deploys resources as needed to handle traffic spikes.
2. Minimizing EC2 instances: By caching commonly requested website content at edge locations, the workload on the EC2 instances is reduced, minimizing the need for additional instances.
3. Improved performance: CloudFront caches content closer to the users, reducing latency and improving the overall website performance. This is particularly beneficial when serving static or infrequently changing content, such as election reports that are updated once an hour.
4. Global distribution: CloudFront’s global network of edge locations ensures that users from different countries can access the website with low latency.
By leveraging CloudFront’s caching capabilities, the website can efficiently handle increased demand during the upcoming elections while minimizing the need for additional EC2 instances.
Question 1357
Exam Question
A company is concerned that two NAT instances in use will no longer be able to support the traffic needed for the company’s application. A solutions architect wants to implement a solution that is highly available fault tolerant, and automatically scalable.
What should the solutions architect recommend?
A. Remove the two NAT instances and replace them with two NAT gateways in the same Availability Zone.
B. Use Auto Scaling groups with Network Load Balancers for the NAT instances in different Availability Zones.
C. Remove the two NAT instances and replace them with two NAT gateways in different Availability Zones.
D. Replace the two NAT instances with Spot Instances in different Availability Zones and deploy a Network Load Balancer.
Correct Answer
C. Remove the two NAT instances and replace them with two NAT gateways in different Availability Zones.
Explanation
To implement a highly available, fault-tolerant, and automatically scalable solution for NAT instances, the solutions architect should recommend:
C. Remove the two NAT instances and replace them with two NAT gateways in different Availability Zones.
Here’s how this solution addresses the requirements:
1. Highly available and fault-tolerant: By using two NAT gateways in different Availability Zones, the solution ensures high availability. If one Availability Zone becomes unavailable, the other NAT gateway continues to handle the traffic seamlessly.
2. Automatically scalable: NAT gateways are managed services that automatically scale to accommodate the required traffic. As the demand increases, the NAT gateways scale up their capacity to handle the increased traffic, ensuring the application’s needs are met.
3. Load balancing: NAT gateways provide built-in load balancing across Availability Zones, distributing the traffic evenly between them. This helps prevent overloading of a single NAT gateway and provides fault tolerance.
4. Simplified management: NAT gateways are managed services, meaning AWS handles the operational aspects, such as patching, scaling, and high availability. This reduces the administrative overhead compared to managing and scaling individual NAT instances.
By replacing the NAT instances with NAT gateways in different Availability Zones, the solution provides a highly available, fault-tolerant, and automatically scalable solution for handling the company’s application traffic.
Question 1358
Exam Question
A company operates a website on Amazon EC2 Linux instances. Some of the instances are failing. Troubleshooting points to insufficient swap space on the failed instances. The operations team lead needs a solution to monitor this.
What should a solutions architect recommend?
A. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Swap Usage metric dimension. Monitor the Swap Usage dimension in the EC2 metrics in CloudWatch.
B. Use EC2 metadata to collect information, then publish it to Amazon CloudWatch custom metrics. Monitor Swap Usage metrics in CloudWatch.
C. Install an Amazon CloudWatch agent on the instances. Run an appropriate script on a set schedule. Monitor Swap Utilization metrics in CloudWatch.
D. Enable detailed monitoring in the EC2 console. Create an Amazon CloudWatch Swap Utilization custom metric. Monitor Swap Utilization metrics in CloudWatch.
Correct Answer
C. Install an Amazon CloudWatch agent on the instances. Run an appropriate script on a set schedule. Monitor Swap Utilization metrics in CloudWatch.
Explanation
To monitor the swap space on the Amazon EC2 Linux instances, a solutions architect should recommend:
C. Install an Amazon CloudWatch agent on the instances. Run an appropriate script on a set schedule. Monitor Swap Utilization metrics in CloudWatch.
Here’s how this solution addresses the requirements:
1. Amazon CloudWatch agent: Install the CloudWatch agent on the EC2 instances to collect and send system-level metrics, including swap utilization, to CloudWatch.
2. Script for swap utilization: Create a script that retrieves the swap utilization information from the EC2 instances. This script can be a custom script or utilize existing system utilities like `free` or `swapon`. Run this script on a set schedule using cron or any other scheduling mechanism.
3. CloudWatch metrics: Configure the CloudWatch agent to send the swap utilization metric data to CloudWatch. The agent can be configured to send the data at a regular interval, allowing you to monitor the swap space usage over time.
4. Monitoring and alerts: Once the swap utilization metrics are available in CloudWatch, you can monitor them using CloudWatch metrics and set up alarms based on your desired thresholds. This will enable proactive monitoring and alerting in case of insufficient swap space.
By installing the CloudWatch agent, running a script to retrieve swap utilization, and sending the metric data to CloudWatch, you can effectively monitor the swap space on the EC2 instances. This allows you to identify instances with insufficient swap space and take appropriate actions to prevent failures.
Question 1359
Exam Question
A company has a web server running on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet with an Elastic IP address. The default security group is assigned to the EC2 instance. The default network ACL has been modified to block all traffic. A solutions architect needs to make the web server accessible from everywhere on port 443.
Which combination of steps will accomplish this task? (Choose two.)
A. Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.
B. Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 to destination 0.0.0.0/0.
C. Update the network ACL to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.
D. Update the network ACL to allow inbound/outbound TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0 and to destination 0.0.0.0/0.
E. Update the network ACL to allow inbound TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0 and outbound TCP port 32768–65535 to destination 0/0.0.0/0.
Correct Answer
A. Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.
C. Update the network ACL to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.
Explanation
To make the web server accessible from everywhere on port 443, you need to perform the following steps:
A. Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0. This allows incoming traffic on port 443 from any IP address.
C. Update the network ACL to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0. This allows incoming traffic on port 443 at the network level.
Explanation:
- Security groups act as virtual firewalls that control inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level. By creating a security group rule to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0, you are permitting incoming traffic on port 443 from any IP address.
- Network ACLs are used to control traffic at the subnet level. By updating the network ACL to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0, you are allowing inbound traffic on port 443 to reach the EC2 instance.
Remember to associate the newly created security group with the EC2 instance to ensure the rule is applied.
Therefore, the correct combination of steps to accomplish the task is A and C.
Question 1360
Exam Question
A company must re-evaluate its need for the Amazon EC2 instances it currently has provisioned in an Auto Scaling group. At present, the Auto Scaling group is configured for a minimum of two instances and a maximum of four instances across two Availability Zones. A Solutions architect reviewed Amazon CloudWatch metrics and found that CPU utilization is consistently low for all the EC2 instances.
What should the solutions architect recommend to maximize utilization while ensuring the application remains fault tolerant?
A. Remove some EC2 instances to increase the utilization of remaining instances.
B. Increase the Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) capacity of instances with less CPU utilization.
C. Modify the Auto Scaling group scaling policy to scale in and out based on a higher CPU utilization metric.
D. Create a new launch configuration that uses smaller instance types. Update the existing Auto Scaling group.
Correct Answer
C. Modify the Auto Scaling group scaling policy to scale in and out based on a higher CPU utilization metric.
Explanation
To maximize utilization while ensuring fault tolerance for the application, the solutions architect should recommend modifying the Auto Scaling group configuration. Specifically, they should adjust the scaling policy to scale in and out based on a higher CPU utilization metric.
Option C, modifying the Auto Scaling group scaling policy to scale in and out based on a higher CPU utilization metric, is the recommended approach. By setting a higher CPU utilization threshold for scaling, the Auto Scaling group will dynamically adjust the number of instances based on the actual workload. This ensures that the instances are utilized more effectively while maintaining fault tolerance and the ability to handle traffic spikes.
Removing instances (Option A) may increase the utilization of the remaining instances but could compromise fault tolerance and scalability. Increasing the Amazon EBS capacity (Option B) is unrelated to CPU utilization and may not address the issue effectively. Creating a new launch configuration with smaller instance types (Option D) may reduce costs but doesn’t necessarily maximize utilization or address the low CPU utilization.
Therefore, the recommended option is C – modify the Auto Scaling group scaling policy to scale in and out based on a higher CPU utilization metric.
