Learn the best practice for connecting VPCs in different Google Cloud projects. Discover the most cost-effective and Google-recommended solution for enabling communication between frontend and backend services.
Table of Contents
Question
You have two Google Cloud projects: project-a with VPC vpc-a (10.0.0.0/16) and project-b with VPC vpc-b (10.8.0.0/16). Your frontend application resides in vpc-a and the backend API services are deployed in vpc-b. You need to efficiently and cost-effectively enable communication between these Google Cloud projects. You also want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?
A. Create an OpenVPN connection between vpc-a and vpc-b.
B. Create VPC Network Peering between vpc-a and vpc-b.
C. Configure a Cloud Router in vpc-a and another Cloud Router in vpc-b.
D. Configure a Cloud Interconnect connection between vpc-a and vpc-b.
Answer
B. Create VPC Network Peering between vpc-a and vpc-b.
Explanation
VPC Network Peering is the most efficient and cost-effective solution for enabling communication between two VPCs in different Google Cloud projects, and it aligns with Google-recommended practices. Here’s a detailed explanation of why this is the best choice:
VPC Network Peering:
- Allows direct, private RFC 1918 connectivity between two VPC networks.
- Works across different projects and even different organizations.
- Provides low latency, high bandwidth connectivity.
- Incurs no additional network charges for traffic between peered networks.
Why other options are less suitable:
A. OpenVPN:
– Not a native Google Cloud solution.
– Requires additional setup and maintenance.
– Introduces potential security vulnerabilities.
– Adds unnecessary complexity and potential bottlenecks.
C. Cloud Routers:
– Primarily used for dynamic route exchange in VPN and Interconnect scenarios.
– Not necessary for direct VPC-to-VPC communication.
– Doesn’t provide the seamless connectivity that VPC Peering offers.
D. Cloud Interconnect:
– Designed for connecting on-premises networks to Google Cloud.
– Overkill for connecting two VPCs within Google Cloud.
– More complex and expensive than VPC Peering.
3. Benefits of VPC Network Peering:
– Scalability: Can connect multiple VPCs efficiently.
– Security: Traffic stays on Google’s private network.
– Performance: Low latency and high throughput.
– Cost-effectiveness: No additional charges for network usage between peered VPCs.
4. Implementation:
– Create a peering connection from vpc-a to vpc-b and vice versa.
– Ensure that the IP ranges don’t overlap (which they don’t in this case).
– Configure firewall rules to allow necessary traffic between the VPCs.
5. Considerations:
– Transitive peering is not supported, meaning if vpc-a is peered with vpc-b, and vpc-b is peered with vpc-c, vpc-a cannot communicate with vpc-c through vpc-b.
– IAM permissions are still enforced at the project level.
In conclusion, VPC Network Peering is the most appropriate solution for enabling communication between the frontend application in vpc-a and the backend API services in vpc-b. It provides a direct, efficient, and secure connection while adhering to Google Cloud best practices and minimizing costs.
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