Learn which type of NAT allows multiple private IP addresses to share a single public IP for the CCNA 200-301 exam. Discover how Port Address Translation (PAT) enables efficient many-to-one IP mapping using unique port numbers.
Table of Contents
Question
What type of NAT maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP?
A. Static NAT
B. Dynamic NAT
C. Port Address Translation (PAT)
D. Overlapping NAT
E. Loopback NAT
Answer
C. Port Address Translation (PAT)
Explanation
PAT (also called NAT overload) maps multiple private IPs to a single public IP by using different port numbers.
Port Address Translation (PAT), also known as NAT overload, allows multiple private IP addresses to be mapped to a single public IP address by assigning unique port numbers to each session. This enables many devices on a private network to access the internet simultaneously using just one public IP. The router tracks each internal connection by pairing the private IP and port number with the public IP and a unique port, ensuring proper delivery of return traffic. PAT is the most common NAT implementation in modern networks due to its efficiency and conservation of public IP addresses.
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