Discover the optimal AWS architecture for delivering low latency and failover capabilities for a web application expanding to multiple regions. Learn how to leverage AWS services like Global Accelerator, Application Load Balancer, and Route 53 to ensure high performance and resilience.
Table of Contents
Question
An online retail company is running a web application in the us-wast-2 Region and serves consumers in the United States. The company plans to expand across several countries in Europe and wants to provide low latency for all its users.
The application needs to identify the users’ IP addresses and provide localized content based on the users’ geographic location. The application uses HTTP GET and POST methods for its functionality. The company also needs to develop a failover mechanism that works for GET and POST methods and is based on health checks. The failover must occur in less than 1 minute for all clients.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator that has endpoint groups that point to the NLBs in each Region.
B. Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator that has endpoint groups that point to the ALBs in each Region.
C. Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create Amazon Route 53 public hosted zones that have failover routing policies.
D. Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure an origin group with origin failover options.
Answer
The best solution to meet the requirements of low latency, localized content delivery, and failover for the online retail company’s web application is Option B: Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator that has endpoint groups that point to the ALBs in each Region.
Explanation
Here’s why this solution is the most suitable:
- Application Load Balancer (ALB): ALB is the ideal choice for this scenario because it operates at the application layer (Layer 7) and supports HTTP/HTTPS protocols. ALB can inspect the content of the requests and make intelligent routing decisions based on the application’s needs. It can also identify users’ IP addresses and provide localized content based on their geographic location using its built-in geolocation routing feature.
- AWS Global Accelerator: AWS Global Accelerator is a network service that improves the availability and performance of applications by routing traffic through AWS’s global network infrastructure. It provides static IP addresses that act as a fixed entry point to the application, reducing the number of hops and improving latency. Global Accelerator directs traffic to the optimal endpoint based on factors like health checks, geographic proximity, and configured weights.
- Endpoint Groups: By creating endpoint groups within the Global Accelerator that point to the ALBs in each Region, traffic can be intelligently routed to the nearest and healthiest ALB. This ensures low latency for users across different countries in Europe.
- Failover Mechanism: Global Accelerator continuously monitors the health of the ALBs and can quickly detect failures. If an ALB becomes unhealthy, Global Accelerator automatically routes traffic to the next available healthy endpoint, ensuring failover occurs in less than 1 minute for all clients. This failover mechanism works seamlessly for both GET and POST methods.
Option A is not the best choice because Network Load Balancer (NLB) operates at Layer 4 and does not have the advanced features of ALB, such as content-based routing and geolocation support.
Option C is not optimal because using Route 53 with failover routing policies alone may not provide the desired low latency and quick failover times. Route 53 relies on DNS resolution, which can be subject to caching and propagation delays.
Option D is not suitable because CloudFront is primarily used for content delivery and caching, and it lacks the advanced load balancing and failover capabilities provided by Global Accelerator and ALB.
In summary, configuring Application Load Balancers in each Region and using AWS Global Accelerator with endpoint groups pointing to the ALBs provides the best solution for low latency, localized content delivery, and rapid failover across multiple regions.
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